ABSTRACT
Introduction: l´organisation mondiale de la santé affirme que l´allaitement revêt une importance fondamentale pour la survie et le développement de l´enfant. Le but de la présente étude a été d´apprécier le niveau de connaissance et les attitudes du personnel soignant dans la promotion de l´allaitement exclusif afin d´identifier les facteurs limitants qui sont imputables aux services de santé. Méthodes: il s´est agi d´une étude transversale réalisée de juillet à novembre 2021 auprès de 74 agents de santé du district sanitaire de Boulmiougou. La collecte de données a été basée sur l´observation directe et l´administration d´un questionnaire. Le niveau de connaissance et les performances ont été évalués par le calcul des moyennes et le score de satisfaction a été fixée à au moins 80%. Résultats: il ressort de cette étude que les sages-femmes et les maïeuticiens représentaient 48,65% et que la majorité 78,37% des personnes interviewées avaient plus de cinq ans d´ancienneté. Pour l´opérationnalité des services, un score de satisfaction global de 21,25% a été retrouvé par rapport à l´existence de directives et de documentations sur l´allaitement. En matière de connaissance, le score de performance le plus élevé (62,06%) a été obtenu par une sage-femme et le plus bas (27,58%) obtenu par une accoucheuse auxiliaire. Conclusion: l´étude a permis de mettre en exergue la situation catastrophique dans la promotion de l´allaitement exclusif d´où il parait urgent de revoir la politique sanitaire en la matière pour redynamiser les activités afin de réduire la mortalité néonatale et infantile.
Introduction: the World Health Organization states that breastfeeding is of fundamental importance for child survival and development. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes of health care personnel in the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding in order to identify the limiting factors that are attributable to health services. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study carried out from July to November 2021 among 74 health workers in the Boulmiougou health district. Data collection was based on direct observation and the administration of a questionnaire. The level of knowledge and performance were assessed by calculating averages and the satisfaction score was set at at least 80%. Results: it appears from this study that midwives and midwives represented 48.65% and that the majority 78.37% of those interviewed had more than five years of seniority. For the operationality of the services, an overall satisfaction score of 21.25% was found in relation to the existence of guidelines and documentation on breastfeeding. In terms of knowledge, the highest performance score (62.06%) was obtained by a midwife and the lowest (27.58%) obtained by an auxiliary midwife. Conclusion: the study made it possible to highlight the catastrophic situation in the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding from which it seems urgent to review the health policy in this area to revitalize activities in order to reduce neonatal and infant mortality.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast FeedingABSTRACT
Aims: This study aims to evaluate the larvicidal activity of lyophilized methanolic extracts, hydro-methanolic extracts and aqueous extracts of Vernonia cinerea Less against the 3rd and 4th instars larvae of Anopheles gambiae. Place and Duration of Study: Pharmacognosy Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre MURAZ /Research Institute for Health; Ministry of Health, Bobo-Dioulasso, between February 2017 and January 2018. Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest (IRSS) Bobo-Dioulasso, between March 2017 and January 2018. Methodology: The whole plant material was collected in Banfora, located at West of Burkina Faso. The 80% methanolic, 50/50% hydro-methanolic and aqueous extracts were obtained by using the classical natural product extraction method of the laboratory. Extracts were lyophilized and a series of concentrations of the extracts ranging from 0.001 – 100 mg/L were prepared. The larvicidal activity of lyophilized extracts has been tested against the 3rd and 4thAnopheles gambiae larvae. The larval mortality was evaluated after 24 hours and 48 hours of exposure. The percent of means of mortality was calculated. Lethal Concentration LC50 and LC90 values were determined. Results: In the laboratory, the results of methanolic extract at 100 mg/L achieved (100%) mortality against Anopheles gambiae after 24 hours of exposure.The same extract at 10 mg/L generated (95.85±1.26%) of mortality outside the laboratory. The 80% methanolic extract showed Lethal Concentration LC50 of 11.07 mg/L and Lethal Concentration LC90 of 81.38 mg/L (after 24 hours). The 50/50% hydro-methanolic extracts achieved Lethal Concentration LC50 of 22.27 mg/L against 3417.78 mg/L respectively inside and outside of the laboratory. Conclusion: The methanolic extract is the most effective in killing on the larvae compared to the other extracts tested. Vernonia cinerea Less possesses larvicidal activity against Anopheles gambiae larvae. It may be a possible source of mosquito vector control. This study provided promising finding for using crude extracts of Vernonia cinerea Less in controlling larvae of malaria vectors.